Cannabis for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Medical cannabis, specifically cannabinoids like THC and CBD, may offer potential benefits in managing various symptoms associated with ALS. These symptoms can include muscle spasticity, pain, muscle cramps, excessive saliva production, appetite loss, depression, and sleep disturbances. Some individuals with ALS have reported that cannabis helps alleviate these symptoms and provides relief.

Cannabinoids interact with the endocannabinoid system, which plays a role in regulating various physiological processes, including inflammation and neuroprotection. There is evidence from preclinical studies that suggest cannabinoids may have neuroprotective properties, potentially slowing down the progression of ALS and protecting motor neurons from damage. However, more research is needed to fully understand the therapeutic potential and mechanisms involved.

What Studies Exist to Support the Use of Cannabis for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

According to a 2020 survey, cannabis is effective in reducing symptoms such as appetite loss, pain, depression, spasticity, and drooling in individuals with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). However, it is not effective in treating speaking and swallowing difficulties, and the effect on sexual dysfunction is still under study. Cannabis has also been found to augment the pain-relieving effects of opioid pain medications commonly used among ALS patients. While the effects of cannabis on multiple sclerosis (MS) have been studied more than ALS, some studies have indicated that cannabis may also help with spasticity in individuals living with ALS.

A 2019 review paper suggests that THC: CBD may serve as a valuable addition to the spectrum of symptomatic therapy in ALS. However, prospective studies and head-to-head comparisons to other spasticity medications are of interest to further explore the effectiveness of THC: CBD in the management of spasticity, and other ALS-related symptoms.

Does cannabis for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis have side effects?

The side effects of using medical cannabis for pain, palliative, and cancer care can vary depending on the individual, the method of use, the dosage, and the type of cannabis used. 

It can range from Psychotropic effects like euphoria, drowsiness, dizziness, and confusion to cognitive ones including issues related to memory, attention, and reaction time. Besides, smoking or inhaling cannabis can cause respiratory irritation, coughing, and bronchitis. This can be a concern for patients with preexisting lung conditions.

Cannabis can also cause changes in heart rate and blood pressure, which can be problematic for patients with cardiovascular disease and gastrointestinal discomfort, including nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.

Key takeaways

• ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells and leads to muscle weakness and paralysis. Medical cannabis has been explored as a potential treatment option to manage symptoms and improve the quality of life for ALS patients.

• Medical cannabis contains cannabinoids, which interact with receptors in the body's endocannabinoid system, regulating functions like pain, inflammation, and muscle control, which can be affected by ALS.

Please note: It's important to note that while some studies suggest that medical cannabis may be helpful for ALS, more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks, as well as the optimal dosing and delivery methods for different individuals. Individuals considering using medical cannabis should consult with a healthcare provider familiar with medical cannabis to determine if it may be an appropriate treatment option for them.